2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
  4. Complement System

Complement System

Complement System

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The complement system, composed of more than 30 serum and cell surface components, is collaborating in recognition and elimination of pathogens as a part of both the innate and acquired immune systems. Once the complement system is activated, a chain of reactions involving proteolysis and assembly occurs, resulting in cleavage of the third complement component (C3). The cascade up to C3 cleavage is called the activation pathway. There are three activation pathways: the classical, lectin, and alternative pathways.

The complement cascade is a dual-edged sword, causing protection against bacterial and viral invasion by promoting phagocytosis and inflammation. Pathologically, complement can cause substantial damage to blood vessels (vasculitis), kidney basement membrane and attached endothelial and epithelial cells (nephritis), joint synovium (arthritis), and erythrocytes (hemolysis) if it is not adequately controlled.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-14648
    Dexamethasone
    		Inhibitor 99.86%
    Dexamethasone (Hexadecadrol) is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist, apoptosis inducer, and common disease inducer in experimental animals, constructing models of muscle atrophy, hypertension, and depression. Dexamethasone can inhibit the production of inflammatory miRNA-155 exosomes in macrophages and significantly reduce the expression of inflammatory factors in neutrophils and monocytes. Dexamethasone also has potential for use in COVID-19 research.
    Dexamethasone
  • HY-B0579
    Cyclosporin A
    		Inhibitor 99.90%
    Cyclosporin A (Cyclosporine A) is an immunosuppressant which binds to the cyclophilin and inhibits phosphatase activity of protein phosphatase 2B (PP2B/calcineurin) with an IC50 of 5 nM. Cyclosporin A also inhibits CD11a/CD18 adhesion.
    Cyclosporin A
  • HY-101502A
    SB290157 trifluoroacetate
    		Antagonist 99.87%
    SB290157 trifluoroacetate is a potent and selective C3a receptor antagonist with an IC50 of 200 nM.
    SB290157 trifluoroacetate
  • HY-127105
    Iptacopan
    		Inhibitor 99.96%
    Iptacopan (LNP023) is a first-in-class, orally bioavailable, highly potent and highly selective factor B inhibitor with an IC50 value of 10 nM. Iptacopan shows direct, reversible, and high-affinity binding to human factor B with a KD of 7.9 nM. Iptacopan targets the underlying cause of complement 3 glomerulopathy (C3G).
    Iptacopan
  • HY-106178
    PMX-53
    		Antagonist 98.60%
    PMX-53 (3D53) is a synthetic peptidic and a potent and orally active complement C5a receptor (CD88) antagonist with an IC50 of 20 nM. PMX-53 is also a low-affinity MrgX2 agonist that stimulates MrgX2-mediated mast cell degranulation. PMX-53 specifically binds to C5aR1 and does not bind to the second C5aR (C5L2) and C3aR. PMX-53 has anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antiatherosclerotic effects.
    PMX-53
  • HY-P3252A
    Pegcetacoplan acetate
    		Inhibitor 98.72%
    Pegcetacoplan acetate is a pegylated complement C3 inhibitor peptide. Pegcetacoplan acetate acts by binding with complement component 3 (C3) and its activation fragment C3b. Pegcetacoplan acetate can be used for the research of complement-mediated diseases, including age-related macular degeneration, C3 glomerulopathy, Geographic atrophy (GA) and autoimmune haemolytic anaemia.
    Pegcetacoplan acetate
  • HY-145720A
    Cemdisiran sodium
    Cemdisiran sodium is an N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) conjugated siRNA for the research of complement-mediated diseases by suppressing liver production of complement 5 (C5) protein.
    Cemdisiran sodium
  • HY-153098A
    ARC186 sodium
    		Inhibitor
    ARC186 (sodium) is an unconjugated 40KDa PEG aptamer with a sequence identical to HY-147080 Avacincaptad pegol (ARC1905) sodium. ARC1905 is highly potent complement inhibitors that function by blocking the convertase-catalyzed activation of C5.
    ARC186 sodium
  • HY-10799
    EG00229 trifluoroacetate
    		Antagonist 98.18%
    EG00229 is a neuropilin 1 (NRP1) receptor antagonist. EG00229 selectively inhibits VEGF-A binding to NRP1 b1 domain with an IC50 of 3 μM, but has no effect on VEGFA binding to VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2.
    EG00229 trifluoroacetate
  • HY-14648A
    Dexamethasone acetate
    		Inhibitor 99.84%
    Dexamethasone acetate (Dexamethasone 21-acetate) is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist. Dexamethasone also significantly decreases CD11b, CD18, and CD62L expression on neutrophils, and CD11b and CD18 expression on monocytes. Dexamethasone is highly effective in the control of COVID-19 infection. Dexamethasone inhibits production of exosomes containing inflammatory microRNA-155 in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage inflammatory responses.
    Dexamethasone acetate
  • HY-110136A
    PMX 205 Trifluoroacetate
    		Antagonist 99.50%
    PMX 205 Trifluoroacetate is a specific complement C5aR1 isoform antagonist.
    PMX 205 Trifluoroacetate
  • HY-138161
    JR14a
    		Antagonist 99.59%
    JR14a is a potent thiophene antagonist of human complement C3a receptor. JR14a shows selectivity for the human C3a receptor over C5a receptor. JR14a can suppress C3aR-mediated inflammation.
    JR14a
  • HY-P1036
    Compstatin
    		Inhibitor 99.76%
    Compstatin, a 13-residue cyclic peptide, is a potent inhibitor of the complement system C3 with species specificity. Compstatin binds to baboon C3 and is resistant to proteolytic cleavage in baboon blood (similar to humans). Compstatin inhibits only the activation of primates’ complement system. Compstatin exhibits IC50 values of 63 μM and 12 μM for classical and alterative complement pathway, respectively.
    Compstatin
  • HY-117930
    Danicopan
    		Inhibitor 99.91%
    Danicopan (ACH-4471), a selective and orally active small-molecule factor D inhibitor, shows high binding affinity to human Factor D with Kd value of 0.54 nM. Danicopan (ACH-4471) inhibits alternative pathway of complement (APC) activity, has potential to block the alternative pathway of complement in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) and atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS).
    Danicopan
  • HY-P1717A
    AMY-101 TFA
    		Inhibitor 99.89%
    AMY-101 TFA (Cp40 TFA), a peptidic inhibitor of the central complement component C3 (KD = 0.5 nM), inhibits naturally occurring periodontitis in non-human primates (NHPs). AMY-101 (Cp40) exhibits a favorable anti-inflammatory activity in models with COVID-19 severe pneumonia with systemic hyper inflammation.
    AMY-101 TFA
  • HY-P9914
    Eculizumab
    		Inhibitor
    Eculizumab (Anti-Human C5, Humanized Antibody) is a long-acting humanized monoclonal antibody targeted against complement C5. Eculizumab inhibits the cleavage of C5 into C5a and C5b and hence inhibits deployment of the terminal complement system including the formation of membrane attack complex (MAC). Eculizumab has the potential for haemolysis research.
    Eculizumab
  • HY-P1717B
    AMY-101 acetate
    		Inhibitor 99.93%
    AMY-101 acetate (Cp40 acetate), a peptidic inhibitor of the central complement component C3 (KD = 0.5 nM), inhibits naturally occurring periodontitis in non-human primates (NHPs). AMY-101 acetate (Cp40 acetate) exhibits a favorable anti-inflammatory activity in models with COVID-19 severe pneumonia with systemic hyper inflammation.
    AMY-101 acetate
  • HY-17627
    Avacopan
    		Inhibitor 99.75%
    Avacopan (CCX168) is a potent, selective and orally available complement 5a receptor (C5aR) inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.1 nM.
    Avacopan
  • HY-148141
    JPE-1375
    		Antagonist 99.94%
    JPE-1375 is a complement C5a receptor 1 (C5aR1) antagonist. JPE-1375 effectively inhibits polymorphonuclear leukocyte mobilization (EC50=6.9 µM) and reduces TNF levels (EC50=4.5 µM) in mice. JPE-1375 can be used in studies of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
    JPE-1375
  • HY-112151A
    EG01377 dihydrochloride
    		Inhibitor 99.19%
    EG01377 dihydrochloride is a potent, bioavailable and selective inhibitor of neuropilin-1 (NRP1), with a Kd of 1.32 μM, and IC50s of 609 nM for both NRP1-a1 and NRP1-b1. EG01377 dihydrochloride has antiangiogenic, antimigratory, and antitumor effects.
    EG01377 dihydrochloride
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Species Source
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity